AMD Files Patent Infringement Complaint Against LG, MediaTek, Sigma Designs, and Vizio
by Anton Shilov & Ryan Smith on February 4, 2017 10:30 AM ESTLate last month, AMD filed a legal complaint against a number of companies accusing them of infringing its patents covering graphics processing technologies. The company requested the United States International Trade Commission (US ITC) to investigate the matter and, if the ITC finds in their favor, ban products based on chips that infringe on AMD’s intellectual property rights.
In its complaint, AMD asserts that products by LG, MediaTek, Sigma Designs and Vizio infringe three patents, two of which were originally filed by ATI Technologies (which AMD acquired in 2006) in early 2000s and one filed by AMD itself. The patents in question cover fundamental aspects of contemporary graphics processing, such unified shaders (‘133), parallel pipeline graphics system (‘506), as well as a graphics processing architecture employing unified shaders (‘454). In addition, the lawsuit mentions an in-progress patent application covering GPU architectures with unified shaders (‘967) that is also claimed to be infringed by two of the defendants.
Notably, all the defendants license their GPU technologies from third party developers such as ARM and Imagination. As case law involving IP infringement is generally weak - it's more difficult to sue over ideas as opposed to physical products - AMD is going after product manufacturers instead. As a result, instead of accusing IP vendor ARM of using its intellectual property, AMD is taking a legal action against MediaTek, LG, Sigma and Vizio, all of whom either make chips that AMD believes use their IP, or use said chips as part of finished consumer goods.
Overall the case draws some immediate parallels with a case filled by NVIDIA in the latter part of 2014, where the company filed complaints with the US ITC over accused patent infringement by Qualcomm and Samsung. Like AMD’s case, the core issue was over GPU patents that NVIDIA believed the companies’ products were violating. A side issue in the case that NVIDIA was also trying to get addressed was to figure out who is responsible for patent infringement in devices like smartphones: the handset manufacturer, or the SoC manufacturer. It was a case that NVIDIA essentially lost; the companies settled, but only after Samsung’s counter-suit was more successful in court than NVIDIA’s original suit. That the case was settled out of court also means that there is no significant legal precedent to come out of the case.
As for the AMD case, diving deeper into matters, one of the allegedly infringing products is MediaTek’s Helio P10 SoC for smartphones, which is used by certain handsets from LG (e.g., LG X Power). The chip features the Mali T860MP2 GPU licensed from ARM and is not developed by MediaTek itself. Another SoC that allegedly infringes AMD’s patents is Sigma’s SX7 (STV7701) SoC for UHD TVs with HDR support. Details on this SoC are harder to come by, but at a high level this chip appears to use an ARM-developed quad-cluster GPU. Downstream, Vizio uses the SX7 SoC for its advanced televisions, which is why they are one of the defendants in the complaint.
Importantly, AMD's complaint also states that the infringement is not limited to the named products, but rather that AMD is naming them as examples of infringement. The case could ultimately go beyond the two SoCs, one smartphone, and several TVs (including LG’s 49UH6500 and Vizio's E43U-D2) named, depending on which side any rulings favor.
AMD claims that the aforementioned SoCs and products not only infringe on its intellectual property, but that those products also damage legitimate licensees of AMD's IP. To support the claim, AMD made one interesting disclosure: Samsung and GlobalFoundries have licensed its intellectual property covered by the ‘506, ‘454 and ‘133 patents, as well as the ‘967 application. The former has rights to use the IP in its Exynos mobile SoCs (up to 10-nm Exynos 8 Octa 8895 that uses an ARM Mali GPU), whereas the latter has rights to manufacture the appropriate chips.
The List of AMD's Patents Allegedly Infringed by Defendants | |||||||
Patent | Name | Abstract Description | Asserted Claims | Filing Date | Infringing IC Products* |
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7,633,506 | Parallel pipeline graphics system | The parallel pipeline graphics system includes a back-end configured to receive primitives and combinations of primitives (i.e., geometry) and process the geometry to produce values to place in a frame buffer for rendering on screen. | 1-9 | November 26, 2003 | MediaTek Helio P10 SDI SX7 |
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7,796,133 | Unified shader | A unified shader unit used in texture processing in graphics processing device. Unlike the conventional method of using one shader for texture coordinate shading and another for color shading, the present shader performs both operations. | 1-13 and 40 | December 8, 2003 | |||
8,760,454 | Graphics processing architecture employing a unified shader | A GPU that uses unified shaders | 2 - 11 | May 17, 2011 | MediaTek Helio P10 | ||
Patent Application 14/614,967 | 1-8 | June 27, 2016 | |||||
*The list of infringing products is not limited to two ICs. |
In fact, one big unknown right now is just which GPU architectures AMD believes to infringe on their IP. The two named SoCs are ARM Mali based, and given the patents involved (e.g. unified shaders) it looks like AMD takes issue with ARM’s Midgard architecture in particular. Midgard itself is a few years old now, and while it will be shipping in products for years to come, it’s interesting to note that ARM has already released designs based around their new Bifrost architecture, which is radically different from Midgard.
Meanwhile not named in any of the complaints are chips using any generation of Imagination’s PowerVR architectures. As MediaTek is known to use both ARM and Imagination GPU designs – and because AMD is only listing a couple of chips as examples – it’s not clear in AMD’s complaint whether they consider PowerVR to be infringing. However an important clue lies in the fact that in listing the SoCs Samsung is licensed to make, only SoCs using ARM GPUs are mentioned. As a result, our best guess is that this complaint is solely about ARM’s GPU IP.
Looking at the broader picture and possible motivations for why AMD would bring this complaint up now, AMD announced plans to monetize its IP portfolio in late 2014 in a bid to secure new revenue streams and improve overall profitability. As part of the effort, the company inked a deal with Tianjin Haiguang Advanced Technology Investment Co., Ltd (THATIC), who is an investment arm of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, regarding the development of server SoCs last year. Apparently, in addition to finding partners like THATIC, AMD has approached certain technology companies that ship products based on technologies developed by third parties (e.g., ARM) in regards to patent licensing. AMD says that it has already “enforced” its “intellectual property rights” against Samsung and LG and the new family of lawsuits against the latter is a continuation of these efforts.
The AMD complaint requests the US ITC to issue a limited exclusion order and a cease and desist order to stop the infringing products from being imported and sold in the U.S. If the commission finds that the defendants do infringe on AMD’s patents and decides to ban them from the U.S., multiple product lines of LG and Vizio would be affected.
AMD is not a company that goes to court often and it is not a company that brings its litigations to the public attention, which is part of the reason this is only coming to light now. Back in 2005, the chip designer sued Intel alleging the latter of multiple wrongdoings that harmed AMD’s business in the 1990s and the early 2000s, but that was the only public legal process that AMD was involved into in the recent years. By contrast, the legal proceedings against Samsung and LG in the recent years went unnoticed. This also significantly contrasts with NVIDIA, which was quite vocal and public about their 2014 suit against Qualcomm and Samsung.
The litigation against MediaTek, LG, Sigma Designs, and Vizio will not attract as much attention as the AMD vs. Intel fight, but it certainly marks a rare situation when AMD goes to court on the offensive. In the meantime this will be a case worth watching. As AMD already has a license agreement with a major SoC manufacturer (Samsung) in place, it means they aren't facing an entirely uphill battle. Still, barring an early out of court settlement, it may take years for this case to be fully resolved.
Related Reading:
- China Calling: AMD Forms Joint Venture for x86 Server SoCs in China
- NVIDIA Files Patent Infringement Complaints Against Qualcomm & Samsung
- Samsung Files Counter-Suit & Patent Infringement Claims Against NVIDIA & Velocity Micro
- Samsung/NVIDIA Case Update: US ITC Finds Samsung GPUs Non-Infringing
- US ITC Finds NVIDIA Guilty of Infringing Three Samsung Patents
- NVIDIA & Samsung Settle All Patent Infringement Disputes
Sources: ITC Law Blog, TechPowerUp.
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tamalero - Saturday, February 4, 2017 - link
"they certainly don't have to rely on handouts"they do not need handouts because they are fiercely protected by the Chinese government.
How many times they have stolen patents after a company decided to use Chinese companies to produce.. only to see your own workers build a new factory to build products based on your designs without paying anything and their government siding with them. essentially fucking your entire company.
cocochanel - Sunday, February 5, 2017 - link
You have quite a rosy picture about China. Taiwan likes to be on its own because they got used to freedom and don't like to be ruled by Commies. Look at what is happening in Hong Kong.As for how great the Chinese economy is, most of their companies are state-owned and run by bureaucrats more interested in lining up their own pockets. Inefficiency is rampant. One third of those companies operates at a loss. A policy of full employment results in dumping massive amounts of goods on the world markets at below cost. The construction industry is no better. There are entire cities built in the middle of nowhere and in which nobody lives. Record amounts of pollution. Workers treated like slaves. Theft of IP on a massive scale. Forced technology transfers. And a government who can't seem to understand that if you want a US style economy you need US style institutions.
They even have a fancy school in Beijing teaching college graduates that Western democracies are obsolete. How crazy is that ?
Michael Bay - Sunday, February 5, 2017 - link
Looking at what western "democracies" have turned into, it`s hard to disagree.cocochanel - Sunday, February 5, 2017 - link
Western democracies may be flawed, but if you think the Chinese system is better, you're definitely living in La-La Land.Alexvrb - Sunday, February 5, 2017 - link
Yes and once the Chinese ramp up NAND production and use cutthroat pricing to kill off much of their competition, they'll certainly keep quality higher and prices lower than ever. Out of the goodness of their hearts. Clearly, nothing could possibly go wrong.Penti - Saturday, February 4, 2017 - link
Why? Nvidia's suit went nowhere, it didn't use any real IP but all the IP they used where essentially invalidated and made useless. AMD obviously has a deal in place with Qualcomm (and it's mentioned in the suit) as the Adreno tech comes from AMD, but this would essentially leave only Qualcomm as the only mobile SoC vendor, and they have only really targeted Mali-graphics and left out Vivante and PowerVR/ImgTec. Also with fabs having licenses, will they only target chips with Mali if they are fabbed outside of Samsung or GlobalFoundries? What about Apple with PowerVR from TSMC? Vivante or Imagination isn't mentioned at all.testbug00 - Saturday, February 4, 2017 - link
So far AMD has only identified MediaTek products as not being covered.It could be expanded.
Given AMD has licensees already, it has way more water than in Nvidia's case. At least from a perspective of how "valid" companies believe the patents are.
Penti - Saturday, February 4, 2017 - link
Plus Sigma, which is why Vizio is mentioned (is a respondent) in the complaint.I haven't read any of the licensing deals, but I'm sure the Nvidia patents where included in some cross licensing deals too and that these have never been asserted before either.
testbug00 - Sunday, February 5, 2017 - link
Nvidia had Intel.... Who made a "payment" for 5 years "license". But that payment was also in part due to other things. I expect that if an agreement is renegotiated than it will have a net cost of zero between companies.Here, AMD clearly has multiple companies (large) which are licensing. And by the sounds of it not cross-licensing.
Let me put it this way, Nvidia never had any company explicitly licensing the patents i tried to get Samsung and others to. If Remember, full CPU + GPU + uncore from ARM is at most 5% cost adder.
NOW, AMD still could be doing something similar. Except with GloFo and Samsung signing off, for whatever reason. However, I don't expect AMD is going to ask for much more than ARM would. But, even 1% across the hundreds of thousands, if not tens of millions, of units this could cover for Mediatek alone adds up.
with these patents. At first glance, it doesn't seem so to me.
Thanks on the Sigma part, misread or misunderstood them as a device maker, not SoC maker. Thanks!
testbug00 - Sunday, February 5, 2017 - link
I meant to put Nvidia asked for price that is as not good faith compared to ARM <5% if all is ARM IP.NvI is tried instead to get prices like Intel pays due to Nvidia lossing chipsets, but from companies with much lower margins and much less unit sales.